Coursework 2 (CW2)
Written Response
In this page, we provide two of our written responses, which include short summaries of the academic journals we had found and our own reactions and opinions toward the academic journal.
A Brief Response to Articles Regarding The Utilization of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Smart Cities
By Dashvin Kumar A/L Suresh Kumar
The implementation of artificial intelligence (AI) in the field of urban planning, specifically smart cities, has been a subject of debate since its inception. Academic journals have been conducted to determine the sustainability of AI in the development of smart cities, its advantages and limitations.
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The first article, written by King and Meinhardt (2024), explores the aspects of privacy protection in using artificial intelligence. As data is the cornerstone of training AI, questions regarding how data is collected and used have been raised repeatedly by experts in safeguarding data security. This journal suggests that while these issues are valid, there are safeguards and legislation regarding legal data use and protection to curb data intrusion. However, as the AI scene is shifting rapidly, existing laws must be assessed and restructured again to fit current standards of data consumption to examine the data acquisition race and the resulting harm to individuals and systemic privacy. Overall, this journal is crucial as it talks about the role of data in the AI industry and ways to prevent it from being abused and protect privacy.
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The second journal article, written by Wilson et al., (2017), investigates the impact of AI on the general workforce. Apprehensions regarding AI taking over the workforce have been increasing year by year, especially recently since the wake of generative tools such as ChatGPT and Gemini. This is because of the sophistication of current AI technology, enabling companies to perform tasks at a much faster and cost-effective rate. Nevertheless, the issues are not of concern, as AI is still in its nascent stages. While it can take over most of the tedious and repetitive tasks of a company’s daily operation, it is still not strong enough to produce accurate work, hence, it is not yet fully capable of replacing the workforce. Furthermore, the emergence of AI has also created new, unique job roles that are relevant in enhancing the AI experience through training, sustaining and managing data modules to craft highly complex and polished artificial intelligence systems to aid the workforce. In essence, this journal is important for us to understand the change in workforce dynamics in line with the rise of artificial intelligence as it aims to replace repetitive jobs with high-income careers that provide more economic value to the society.
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In conclusion, these two articles are pertinent to our research project. While the articles do not completely address the role of AI in smart cities, it is valuable for us to determine its potency in overseeing smart cities. In my opinion, both articles have showcased that aspects of AI systems such as machine learning and deep thinking are ready for automated deployment. Nonetheless, more academic writings and journals are required for me to come up with a well-rounded understanding of the effectiveness of AI implementation in smart cities to deliver the best outcome for all.
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[476 words]
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References
King, J & Meinhardt, C. (2024, Feb 24). Rethinking Privacy in the AI Era: Policy Provocations for a Data-Centric World. Stanford University Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence. https://hai.stanford.edu/white-paper-rethinking- privacy-ai-era-policy-provocations- data-centric-world
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Wilson, H. J., Daugherty, P. R., & Morini-Bianzino, N. (2017). The Jobs That Artificial Intelligence Will Create. MIT Sloan Management Review, 58(4), https://sloanreview.mit.edu/article/will-ai-create-as-many-jobs-as-it-eliminates/
A Brief Response on the Selected Articles Concerning How AI Improve Urban Mobility
By Sian Yi Xuan
Urban mobility is always a constant source of headaches for those who live in metropolitan areas. However, with the integration of artificial intelligence (AI), technology, and some hardware, the mobility in cities can be enhanced. This literature discusses how AI can improve urban mobility.
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An article written by Moumen et al., (2023) proposed an architecture that contains IoT sensors, IoT routers, IoT platforms, and data centers as one of the contributions to reduce traffic congestion. At first, the IoT router will collect data on the road from IoT sensors. The data will then be sent to the IoT platform for analysis, and the data center will analyze the data in order to extract and utilize statistics for efficient traffic management. In short, this architecture allowed real-time vehicle count and forecasting future traffic patterns, enabling individuals to make decisions on their routes (Moumen et al., 2023). Nevertheless, there are still some challenges in implementing this invention in some regions due to geographical factors. For instance, installing IoT sensors is challenging in rugged regions like hills, which have rocky and uneven surfaces. This will lead to inefficiency and inconsistent results in controlling traffic flows while making it difficult for people to predict the traffic. Generally, this article is important as it gives a unique insight on how AI integrated with IoT devices to make urban mobility better.
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The second article by Elsonbaty & Shams (2020) covered smart parking systems that integrate hardware, IoT, and AI. This proposed system is divided into three phases. The cloud service will identify attendance and send a notification via mobile application to the driver when a car enters a sensor-equipped parking lot. Information like the number of available or reserved parking slots, the time of entry and exit, and the cost will display to the users on the app (Elsonbaty & Shams, 2020). This article described how the smart parking system was constructed, including its architecture, IoT devices, hardware components, circuits, and user interface. The proposed design of architecture and user interface is simple and precise, giving users ease of use. Overall, it is an appropriate article for us to refer to, as it provides useful information regarding the topic.
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In short, both of the academic articles mentioned are significant as they provide different points of view from various aspects to enhance urban mobility. Personally, I will use the first article to explain how the Intelligence Transport System (ITS) commits to reducing traffic congestion. On the other side, the second article will be a reference for me in order to elaborate about smart parking systems and how they work. Besides that, more articles will be used to support how AI and technology develop urban mobility.
[448 words]
References
Elsonbaty, A. A., & Shams, M. (2020). The Smart Parking Management system. International Journal of Computer Science and Information Technology, 12(4), 55–66. https://doi.org/10.5121/ijcsit.2020.12405
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Moumen, I., Abouchabaka, J., & Rafalia, N. (2023). Enhancing urban mobility: integration of IoT road traffic data and artificial intelligence in smart city environment. Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 32(2), 985. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v32.i2.pp985-993